스프링 DB접근 기술 - 순수JDBC

• 순수 JDBC

(주의! 이렇게 JDBC API로 직접 코딩하는 것은 20년 전 이야기이다. 참고만 하고 넘어가자)

build.gradle 라이브러리 추가

dependencies {
	implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf'
	implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
	implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc'
	runtimeOnly 'com.h2database:h2'
	testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'
}

application.properties 추가

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test"
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa

(스프링부트 2.4부터는 `spring.datasource.username=sa`를 꼭 추가해주어야 한다. 그렇지 않으면

`Wrong user name or password` 오류가 발생한다.)

 

JdbcMemberRepository

package hello.hellospring.repository;
import hello.hellospring.domain.Member;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

public class JdbcMemberRepository implements MemberRepository {

    private final DataSource dataSource;

    public JdbcMemberRepository(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Override
    public Member save(Member member) {
        String sql = "insert into member(name) values(?)";

        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
            pstmt.setString(1, member.getName());
            pstmt.executeUpdate();
            rs = pstmt.getGeneratedKeys();
            if (rs.next()) {
                member.setId(rs.getLong(1));
            } else {
                throw new SQLException("id 조회 실패");
            }
            return member;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findById(Long id) {
        String sql = "select * from member where id = ?";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setLong(1, id);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            if(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return Optional.of(member);
            } else {
                return Optional.empty();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public List<Member> findAll() {
        String sql = "select * from member";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            List<Member> members = new ArrayList<>();
            while(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                members.add(member);
            }
            return members;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findByName(String name) {
        String sql = "select * from member where name = ?";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setString(1, name);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            if(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return Optional.of(member);
            }
            return Optional.empty();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }
    
    private void close(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt, ResultSet rs)
    {
        try {
            if (rs != null) {
                rs.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            if (pstmt != null) {
                pstmt.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                close(conn);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

(Connection을 얻거나 닫을때는 DataSourceUtils를 통해야 한다.)

    private void close(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(conn, dataSource);
    }
    private Connection getConnection() {
        return DataSourceUtils.getConnection(dataSource);
    }

 

SpringConfig 수정

@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {

    private DataSource dataSource;

    @Autowired
    public SpringConfig(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public MemberService memberService(){
        return new MemberService(memberRepository());
    }

    @Bean
    public MemberRepository memberRepository(){

//        return new MemoryMemberRepository();
        return new JdbcMemberRepository(dataSource);
    }
}

 

(컴포넌트 스캔 방식이 아닌 직접 스프링 빈으로 등록하였기 때문에 Repository 수정이 간편하다.)

스프링 빈과 의존관계

 

 

스프링 입문 - 코드로 배우는 스프링 부트, 웹 MVC, DB 접근 기술 - 인프런